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SOFA Score

Critical Care

SOFA Score

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score for predicting ICU mortality.

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Parameters

Respiration (PaO2/FiO2 mmHg)*

≥ 400

< 400

< 300

< 200 (with respiratory support)

< 100 (with respiratory support)

Coagulation (Platelets ×10³/µL)*

≥ 150

< 150

< 100

< 50

< 20

Liver (Bilirubin mg/dL)*

< 1.2

1.2 - 1.9

2.0 - 5.9

6.0 - 11.9

> 12.0

Cardiovascular (MAP or Vasopressors)*

MAP ≥ 70 mmHg

MAP < 70 mmHg

Dopamine ≤ 5 or dobutamine (any dose)

Dopamine > 5, epinephrine ≤ 0.1, or norepinephrine ≤ 0.1

Dopamine > 15, epinephrine > 0.1, or norepinephrine > 0.1

Central Nervous System (GCS)*

13 - 14

10 - 12

6 - 9

< 6

Renal (Creatinine mg/dL or Urine Output)*

< 1.2

1.2 - 1.9

2.0 - 3.4

3.5 - 4.9 (or UO < 500 mL/day)

> 5.0 (or UO < 200 mL/day)

SOFA Score Result

Formula

Sum of points from 6 organ systems (Respiration, Coagulation, Liver, Cardiovascular, CNS, Renal). Each system is scored 0-4.

Clinical Pearls

The SOFA score is widely used to track a patient's status during their stay in an ICU. An increase in SOFA score during the first 48 hours in the ICU predicts a mortality rate of at least 50%.

Limitations

It requires multiple lab values which may not be immediately available upon ED presentation. It was designed to describe a sequence of complications, not merely to predict mortality.

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